Menstrual cycles can bring about a range of uncomfortable symptoms for many people with uteruses. Mood changes, cramping, fatigue, and breast sensitivity are some of the most common complaints. However, experiencing dizziness during your period is also possible. While brief moments of lightheadedness are generally not a cause for concern, dizzy spells can be unsettling and may indicate an underlying issue. We consulted with ob-gyns to explore the causes of dizziness during menstruation and ways to find relief.
Anemia
Blood loss occurs during menstruation, and heavier menstrual flow can result in anemia, according to Dr. Somi Javaid, a board-certified ob-gyn. Anemia is caused by a loss or lack of red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen to the muscles. Dizziness due to heavy menstrual bleeding indicates that oxygen is being diverted away from the brain and muscles.
Strong Cramps
Intense or sudden cramps may cause dizziness during menstruation. This is largely due to prostaglandins, hormone-like compounds responsible for uterine contractions. Prostaglandins can cause blood vessels to dilate significantly, leading to dizzy episodes with strong, painful cramps.
Hormone Fluctuations
Lightheadedness before menstruation may be due to fluctuations in hormone levels. Estrogen and progesterone can cause changes in blood sugar levels, resulting in dizziness. Endocrine imbalances, thyroid disorders, and ovulatory dysfunction can also affect hormone levels, causing lightheadedness and irregular menstrual bleeding.
Uterine Fibroids (Myomas)
Dizzy episodes could be a result of heavy bleeding due to uterine fibroids, or benign tumors that develop in the uterus. Other symptoms of uterine fibroids include bleeding between periods, pelvic pain and pressure, frequent urination, low back pain, and pain during intercourse.
Copper IUD
A copper IUD may cause increased bleeding and cramping during menstruation. This is considered normal and usually lessens over time. However, the first few months can be a difficult transition as your body adjusts, especially if you’re feeling dizzy.
Exhaustion
Insomnia leading up to your period is a common symptom of premenstrual syndrome, so you may be tired once your period arrives. Hormonal changes at the end of the menstrual cycle can also cause fatigue, which can result in dizziness.
When to See a Doctor: Any new or unusual symptoms during your period should be discussed with your ob-gyn or primary care doctor. While occasional dizziness is generally no cause for concern, if it persists, worsens, or interferes with daily activities, seeks medical advice.
