It’s not uncommon to find dehydration and fever tagging along as tandem symptoms when you’re feeling unwell. However, does lack of hydration alone really cause your body temperature to surge?
Contrary to common belief, a fever can indeed be a symptom of dehydration, but it’s not always directly caused by it, as explained by Dr. David Cutler, a well-respected family medicine physician based in Santa Monica, California.
What Connects Dehydration and Fever?
When your body is dehydrated, it’s because you’re losing more water and essential electrolytes than you’re taking in. This imbalance can impact many of your body’s functions, such as maintaining your body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate.
Dr. Cutler further explains that our bodies rely on a balance of water to regulate temperature through mechanisms like sweating. So, when you’re dehydrated, your body might struggle to cool down, leading to a higher body temperature. This correlation is particularly evident in infants and young children who often run high fevers when they’re dehydrated.
In certain circumstances, dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion, wherein the body fails to cool down effectively, resulting in a fever of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or above.
Other Telltale Signs of Dehydration
Apart from fever, dehydration can manifest itself through several other symptoms:
- Intense thirst
- Dry mouth
- Reduced urination and sweating
- Dark-colored urine
- Dry skin
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
If the dehydration escalates, symptoms may worsen, leading to confusion, fainting, lack of urination, rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, and even shock. The signs of dehydration in babies and young children differ slightly from adults and can include a dry mouth or tongue, crying without tears, and high fever.
Can a Fever Lead to Dehydration?
Interestingly, while fever doesn’t automatically result in dehydration, having a higher-than-normal body temperature can increase the risk of dehydration. When you have a fever, you tend to sweat more and lose fluids. Additionally, a fever might reduce your appetite and interest in drinking, making it more challenging to replace lost fluids.
Managing a Dehydration-Induced Fever
If you or a loved one is battling a fever due to dehydration, it’s crucial to address both the underlying cause of the fever and the fluid imbalance. Here are some practical ways to treat both:
- Increase fluid intake: Water, oral rehydration solutions, diluted sports drinks, and clear broths can help restore hydration levels. It’s advisable to start with small, frequent sips, especially if large amounts are hard to tolerate.
- Apply a cool compress: A damp washcloth on the forehead or “sponging” the body can help to cool down. Taking a lukewarm bath can also be beneficial.
- Consider medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage high fevers. However, avoid giving aspirin to children under 17 due to the risk of a serious illness called Reye’s syndrome.
Causes of Dehydration and Fever
Dehydration can result from not drinking enough water, particularly when being physically active or spending time outside on a hot, humid day. However, when a fever accompanies dehydration, it often signals an underlying illness or infection. Here are some common culprits:
- Flu
- Gastroenteritis
- Urinary tract infections
- Pneumonia
- Meningitis
When to Seek Medical Attention
Dehydration can escalate to dangerous levels when lost fluids aren’t replaced, especially when accompanied by fever. While mild dehydration can typically be treated at home, you should immediately seek medical attention if symptoms such as confusion, fainting, rapid heartbeat, or rapid breathing occur.
For babies, young children, and older adults who are more susceptible to the effects of lost fluids, it’s best to consult with a healthcare provider when fever and signs of dehydration appear.
Remember, it’s always better to be cautious and proactive when it comes to health. After all, prevention is better than cure.
Stay hydrated, and stay healthy!
