Why Your Body Odor Shifts Over Time and How to Stay Fresh

Your body changes as you age from the way it looks to how it functions. But one lesser-known shift happens in your body odor, which can subtly transform over time.

Scientists have identified a compound known as 2-nonenal that plays a role in these changes. It’s a natural byproduct of aging that develops as fatty acids on the skin oxidize. While completely normal, nonenal has a distinct musty scent associated with older adults.

For most people, age-related odor is mild and barely noticeable. However, there are healthy lifestyle habits that can help keep you smelling fresh.

Why Body Odor Changes as You Age

Body odor arises when skin secretions mix with bacteria living on the skin’s surface. As you age, both the chemical makeup of these secretions and the types of bacteria shift. This slight change can result in the emergence of nonenal odor.

Hormonal changes, such as those from menopause, may exacerbate body odor due to increased sweating. Additionally, medical conditions like liver disease, kidney disease, diabetes, or thyroid issues can contribute to stronger or more unpleasant scents.

However, researchers have found that people often perceive the scents of older adults as less intense than younger adults' odors, according to a 2012 study published in PLOS One. In short, your body’s natural shift may not be as dramatic as you think.

Five Ways to Stay Fresh

While you can’t completely alter your body’s scent, certain hygiene and lifestyle practices can help minimize unpleasant odors.

1. Shower or Bathe Regularly, but Gently

Sweat itself is odorless. The smell occurs when it interacts with bacteria on your skin. Bathing with soap reduces bacteria and helps prevent unpleasant odors.

For best results, use an antibacterial body wash to cleanse thoroughly. However, daily showers aren't necessary for everyone, especially as older adults often experience dry skin. The National Institute on Aging recommends bathing a few times a week using warm water and moisturizing afterward to maintain healthy skin.

2. Use an Effective Antiperspirant

Unlike deodorants, which mask odor, antiperspirants work by blocking sweat glands to reduce moisture. This limits how much sweat interacts with skin bacteria. If your sweating is excessive, try a prescription-strength antiperspirant like Certain Dri.

3. Watch Your Diet

Certain foods like garlic, onion, red meat, alcohol, and cruciferous vegetables can make body odor more noticeable. On the flip side, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables may help balance skin bacteria, contributing to fresher-smelling skin.

4. Stay Active

Regular exercise promotes healthy skin and supports a balanced microbiome. Though you might sweat more during workouts, the long-term benefits to your overall skin health can help reduce odors.

5. Manage Your Stress Levels

Stress triggers sweat, which can intensify odors. Simple stress-relief practices such as deep breathing, stretching, or a short walk can help calm your mind and minimize stress-induced sweating.

When to Consult a Doctor

If you notice a sudden or strong change in body odor, it may signal an underlying health condition like thyroid disorders, liver issues, or metabolic imbalances. Similarly, changes in breath or urine odor could indicate health concerns.

Dr. Carlos Galindo, a family medicine practitioner, advises consulting a physician if you experience persistent or pungent odor changes.

By maintaining healthy hygiene and lifestyle habits, you can navigate the natural aging process without worrying too much about subtle changes in body odor.

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