Coping With Pain in Your Later Years

Pain may seem like an inevitable part of aging, but it doesn’t have to define your later years. While nearly 19 million older adults experience pain and 75% report pain in multiple areas there are effective ways to manage, treat, and even prevent many types of pain. The key is understanding the causes and seeking the right care.

Why Does Pain Increase With Age?

As we age, the body undergoes natural changes that can contribute to discomfort. Factors such as joint wear and tear, declining tissue hydration, and medical conditions like arthritis often play a role. However, research shows that adults who are pain-free at 55 can live most of their remaining years without significant pain, highlighting the value of proactive care.

Common Causes of Pain in Older Adults

Joint Pain

Joint pain is one of the most common complaints among older adults. While conditions like osteoarthritis are widespread, not everyone with joint changes experiences pain. Factors contributing to joint pain include:

• Osteoarthritis

• Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis

• Rotator cuff tears (impacting up to 80% of people aged 80 or older)

• Gout

• Degeneration of cartilage, ligaments, and tendons

Low-Back Pain

Low-back pain affects up to 75% of people over age 60. Causes include:

• Spinal arthritis

• Lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowed spinal canal)

• Osteoporotic fractures

• Spinal infections

• Tumors

Falls and Fractures

One in four adults over 65 falls each year, leading to injuries and fractures. Women over 50 are particularly at risk for osteoporosis-related fractures. Falls can impact mobility, independence, and even life expectancy.

Other Types of Pain

Other common sources of discomfort include:

• Carpal tunnel syndrome

• Knee pain

• Muscle stiffness

• Tendonitis

Widespread pain also affects about 12% of older adults, with women being more affected.

Treatment Options

Joint and Low-Back Pain

Treatment approaches vary based on the cause and severity but may include:

• Medications such as NSAIDs, acetaminophen, or COX-2 inhibitors

• Physical therapy and strength training

• Rest and activity modifications

• Surgical options when necessary

• Weight loss, which can relieve joint pressure (losing one pound removes four pounds of pressure from the knees)

Exercise remains one of the most effective treatments. Low-impact activities like walking, swimming, and biking help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting a new exercise program.

Falls and Fractures

Preventing falls is a top priority. Use assistive devices like canes and walkers, and review medications that may increase fall risk. Strengthening bones through:

• Calcium and vitamin D intake

• Weight-bearing exercises

• Avoiding tobacco products

For fractures, treatments often include:

• Setting and immobilizing the bone

• Surgery or traction for complex breaks

• Pain management

• Physical therapy for recovery

Managing Carpal Tunnel, Knee Pain, and Tendonitis

• Splinting and avoiding strain for carpal tunnel

• Physical therapy and weight management for knee pain

• Rest, ice, and support for tendonitis

Psychological Approaches

Pain management is not solely physical. Behavioral therapies like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can help address chronic pain, especially for back issues. Relaxation techniques and stress management also play vital roles.

Prevention Is Key

While some pain is unavoidable, many risks can be reduced:

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Stay physically active with appropriate exercises

• Use assistive devices when needed

• Regularly review medications with a healthcare provider

• Eat a nutrient-rich diet to support bone and joint health

When to Seek Professional Care

Pain can become more complicated with age, especially with multiple health conditions. Working with healthcare providers who specialize in older adults can offer tailored treatment plans. Always inform your doctor about your full list of medications to avoid drug interactions.

The Bottom Line

Aging doesn’t have to mean living with unmanageable pain. With the right care, many older adults continue to lead active, fulfilling lives. Prevention, timely treatment, and professional support can minimize pain, maintain mobility, and protect your quality of life well into your later years.

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