The Hidden Health Risks of Scented Candles

There’s something undeniably cozy about lighting a scented candle whether it's to create a calm mood, elevate a space, or mark the change of seasons. But while their warm glow and signature scents are tempting, scented candles can carry hidden health risks that are worth considering, especially if you or your loved ones are sensitive to fragrances or prone to respiratory issues.

Here’s what you should know before adding another candle to your home or gifting one to someone else.

1. They Release Irritants into the Air

When burned, scented candles release airborne irritants that can affect anyone not just those with allergies. The combination of wax, fragrance oils, and combustion can trigger:

• Headaches

• Coughing

• Shortness of breath

• Runny nose

• Skin irritation or rashes

Even in well-ventilated rooms, these compounds can linger and cause discomfort after just a few minutes of exposure.

2. Fragrances Can Trigger Allergic Reactions

Whether synthetic or “natural,” the fragrance compounds in scented candles are among the top allergens found in household products. Even unlit, heavily fragranced candles can emit vapors that cause:

• Sneezing

• Itchy or watery eyes

• Nasal congestion

• Postnasal drip

According to the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, fragrance is one of the most common triggers of allergic contact dermatitis and can provoke symptoms in people with fragrance sensitivity or allergic rhinitis.

3. They May Set Off Asthma Symptoms

People with asthma may be especially sensitive to airborne irritants and scents. Compounds released from scented candles can cause inflammation in the airways, triggering:

• Wheezing

• Chest tightness

• Difficulty breathing

In fact, the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America notes that asthma triggers can include both artificial fragrances and smoke, both of which are released when a candle burns.

If you or someone in your household lives with asthma, it's worth reconsidering regular candle use or at least switching to non-scented, clean-burning alternatives.

4. They Contribute to Indoor Air Pollution

Paraffin wax, one of the most common candle materials, is a byproduct of petroleum. When burned, it releases volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like benzene, toluene, and acetone. Long-term exposure to these chemicals has been linked to:

• Respiratory issues

• Worsening of chronic lung conditions

• Increased cancer risk

Artificial fragrances may also contain phthalates, chemicals associated with hormone disruption and reproductive concerns. While occasional use is unlikely to cause harm, routine exposure in poorly ventilated spaces could add to your indoor pollution load.

Tip: Trimming your wick to ¼ inch before each burn and ensuring good airflow can help reduce soot and VOC levels.

5. Scented Candles Can Be a Fire Hazard

Beyond the health concerns, candles also pose a very real fire risk. According to the National Fire Protection Association:

• Candles cause 4% of all reported home fires

• One-third of these fires start in the bedroom

• Fires peak during the holiday season

To stay safe while enjoying candles:

• Never leave a candle unattended

• Keep them at least 12 inches away from flammable objects

• Avoid placing them near curtains, paper, or decor

• Store matches and lighters out of reach of children

Consider using battery-operated flameless candles if you want the ambiance without the risk.

What to Consider Before Gifting Candles

Scented candles remain a popular go-to gift but they may not be suitable for everyone. If you’re considering giving one:

• Ask if the recipient has allergies, asthma, or fragrance sensitivities

• Choose unscented or essential oil-based options when in doubt

• Include safety tips on the card or label

There are plenty of alternative gifts that offer relaxation without the potential downsides, such as herbal teas, cozy blankets, or a diffuser with natural essential oils.

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